5.依据空间顺序展开段落
依据空间的次序进行论述应是有序地由远至近或由近至远，由上至下或由下至上对事物进行描写。下面的例子描写了一幅美丽宁静的夜景。作者先描写空中的月亮，再随洒向大地的月光写到湖四周随风摇曳的树枝，又由青蛙的叫声把读者引到了湖的中央，最后结尾讲：这是一个多么迷人的夜晚。这个段落文字简洁流畅，有序地按空间顺序由上写到下，由外写到里。读者可在平时的练习中注意模仿。
it is a beautiful and quiet night.the moon is like a disc hanging on the dark sky，which casts its light on everything.around the lake are some trees，their slender leaves billowing in the gentle wind.there must be some frogs in the middle of the lake，whose endless singing can be heard clearly.what an attractive night！
（三）写好结尾句
段落结尾或文章的结尾的方法很多，比如在文章的结论段提出问题，让读者自己去解答；引用谚语或名人名言进一步印证作者的观点；或将前面所讲的内容重点摘述等。在这里仅介绍几种适合写短文结尾的常用方法。
1.回答段落主题句中暗示的问题
如下面段落的第一句作为主题句阐明了做摘要的全过程显示（一个人）的决策能力。在文章的结尾作者以答复的口气作结论说：根据你在做笔记时所投入的时间和精力，你做摘要的效率会得到相应的提高。
the whole process of summarizing implies an ability to make decisions.you have to decide what the author‘s plan is，how the material has been organized，what the key ideas are，and what material is used merely as example.you will not find the technique of summarizing easy at first because it requires so many decisions.but your efficiency in making summaries，as well as your general reading efficiency，will increase in proportion to the time and effort you spend on perfecting your notetaking technique.
2.呼应主题句中的关键词，使用关键词的同义词重申段落的中心思想
下面段落的第一句为主题句，其关键词是famous.在结尾句中可使用它的同义词wellknown作结论。
our university is one of the most famous universities in china.it is an old university whose origins can be traced back to 1938，when it was first built up in yanan.now，it is located in the northwest of beijing.as a university of liberal arts，it has 25 departments，more than 50 majors，about 7 000 students and 4 000 teachers.it also plays a leading role in social science.in short，our university is wellknown both at home and abroad.
3.将段落中所论述的内容以摘要的方式进行总结
下面段落阐述了三方面的内容：environment，goods和service，可以用连接词not only…but also将三方面概括为一句作为结论句。
walkingsintosthose luxury shopping centers，people will be fascinated by the beautiful decorations，graceful environment and elegant goods.there are various things for people to select：fashionable clothes，lovely stationery or precious |
